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Caño Negro Refuge: Flora

The vegetation along the riverbanks mainly consists of species that need humidity and light. The trees have open crowns and many branches. The most common species are: heliconia (Phithecellobium longifolium), kapok (Ceiba pentandra), rose trumpet tree (Tabeuia rosea), sarangundi (Senna reticulate), cannon-ball tree (Couroupita nicaraguensis), guácimo colorado (Luehea seemannii) and mahogany (Carapa guianensis). Also, there are some liana species (Uncaria tomentosa, Macfaydea uncata and Macheaerium seemannii) (UICN and others, 1998).

The plants growing on the riversides have a fundamental importance in the wetlands ecosystem, since they protect the river banks and lakeshores, thereby avoiding erosion while protecting and providing food for the animals (UICN and others, 1998).

Certain species of plants predominate in the marsh vegetation, such as the Costa Rican drift pod (prioria copaifera), Santa María (Calophyllum brasiliense) and yolilo palm (Raphia taedigera). Other species are: crab wood (Carapa guianensis), mountain laurel (Symphoni globulifera), sapodilla (Pachira acuatica), bloodwood (Pterocarpus officinalis), guácimo colorado (Luehea seemannii) and titor (Scoglottis trichogyna) (UICN and others, 1998).

In the high areas that are not affected by flooding during the rainy season there is a great diversity of species, among which are: yellow bark (Tabeuia ochracea), coral tree (Erythrina fusca), guava (Inga sp), evergreen (Hyeronima alchorneoides), tecoma guayacan (Tabeuia guayacan), and botarrama (Vochysia ferruginea).